Showing posts with label South Asia. Show all posts
Showing posts with label South Asia. Show all posts

Aspects of Lord Shiva






























Unakoti means one less than one crore.

Bangladesh was somewhere, very near, downstream around the corner or along the pathway that red earthen crept into the jungle, parting the trees and disappearing in the curve of the hillside.  Direction wasn’t easy to judge in the geography of the hills but it was certainly so that Moulvibazar wasn’t far.

The air was thickly still and sweating.  From climbing the short trail up the hill on the other side of the waterfall it had become uncomfortable and hard to breathe.  It was one less than one crore.  It was May and only fools arrive there then.






At the hilltop was a rock to sit on that had no divine face to it.  It was a spot, on the rock, to contemplate and to rest. Time to time a traveller should take rest.





Below and by contrast, about the waterfall and along the stream was a crowd of rock-cut faces, chiselled, large and small, divine.  Lord Shiva was there, depicted several times and at the largest size available in India.  There were many of his colleagues, Durga on a lion and the image of Shiva’s son Ganesha carved, three times, into stone.  Shiva’s Nandi Bull, his carriage, indeed three examples of it too, waited and might wait forever half-submerged in river sand.  Other rocks had become turtles.





Then North Tripura, as if to bless the moment, found a slight but unmistakable hilltop breeze.  Or was it sympathy for the foolhardy May traveller?

The immediate world, the world in general and the inside world are the elements of Shiva’s trident.  The beauty of the hills was immediate; the daily tension and trivialities removed, as it is when on the road, was the world in general; and peace, not least because the rock-cut faces, both in duration and in space, brought home the twin truths of insignificance and smallness, was inside.





Lord Shiva must’ve understood that contemplation as he is known as a yogi, often depicted in his cross-legged, meditating aspect of spirituality.  And the tranquillity of the place, the music of water at its quietest in May, could’ve easily encouraged the going beyond contemplation into meditation.












But just how many images were there?  It would’ve taken some effort to count them; perhaps it was just as well to leave it to the name of the place.  Unakoti means the one less than one crore pairs of eyes looking out from about the waterfall.





Lord Shiva must’ve understood the taking breath there, on the hilltop rock, as it is said he also once took rest at the very spot.  Time to time a traveller should take rest.

Shiva’s travel plan then was to reach Varanasi as a member of a large party of gods and goddesses, totalling one crore in number.  One evening they sheltered on Unakoti hill, with Shiva expressly instructing that all should arise before dawn to set out once again. 



But when dawn arrived, Shiva found he was the only one awake and in anger he cursed his companions, turning them to stone so that they could remain for eternity, while he set forth towards his destination, alone. 

Unakoti means the one less than one crore deities left behind.




Shiva’s aspect of destruction and transformation seemed at odds with the valley.  Yet, perhaps in his rock-cut image that once was bare stone is his transformative work.  Perhaps there is the message that destruction is an essential part of nature, easily entwined, intermingling with the life of the waterfall and indigenous to the valley’s beauty: because it takes an end to make a beginning; because destruction too is necessity.



And the eastern tribal influences in Shiva’s features and decoration, as he is depicted in Unakoti, recall another legend, about one potter and sculptor called Kallu Kumhar.  It is said the sculptor was a devotee of Parvati and wished to follow her home to Kailash Mountain

Shiva agreed on the condition that Kallu Kumhar carve one crore images of Shiva in a single night.  He worked hard but by dawn he was still one image short, which gave Shiva the excuse he wanted to leave Kumhar behind with his carvings.  Even the carver should pace himself. 

Unakoti means the one less than one crore hopes, the trying and the devotion, dashed at last.






Shiva the dancer is not hard to find in the life of the light-hearted cascade tumbling among his images.  Shiva the family man is there somehow, not only in the company of Ganesha his son, but in the families of pilgrims and visitors that venture there, even if not so often in that month.











And the archaeologists say the carvings date from the seventh to ninth centuries, possibly earlier.  It is said the centre of worship flourished during the Pala rule three centuries on.





But Unakoti is not a triumph of the calendar only.  It’s the joining of the trident: the immediate world, the world at large and the inside world. 

Unakoti means the one less than one crore elements that arrive through three strands to make a singular unity.  Even in that foolish month of May.



















This article also published in Star Magazine, here: Aspects of Lord Shiva

A Place to Stand

Village near Mongla, 1996


with guest writer Reja Ali Mobarak.



Bangladesh has changed, but we remember 1996.  Reja Ali Mobarak wrote his part in Bangla and the writers together translated it.

It was of cottage and mansion dripping with subtropical weathering, Khulna Town.  Soil and earth, the old buildings brought charm.

A simple archway on the footpath read ‘Hotel Sun King’ in metallic letters.  Before entering, I invited the guy from the bus to share tea and samosa, behind a curtained doorway across the street.  It was Ramadan.  We had endured his constant chatter for many hours; from the long, unbroken journey from Chittagong we were unshaven and exhausted.  He reclined and talked as I went to the counter to deliver up the few-taka bill.

***

I used to transport live baby chingri from my home in Hatiya to Foila.  We are lower middle class although my father was the union chairman.  The chingri business used to see out the winter months.  It was seventeen years ago.

I bore the yoke of village politics that caused my father’s strokes and the burden of maintaining the family that belongs to the eldest son was weightier than my age.  Sometimes life must run against the current.  While waiting for the commission agent in Foila to pay me, I came to Khulna.  My business partner Nazmul, from Khulna, had invited me many times; yet I chose the independence of a cheap hotel called Sun King.

In the mornings Nazmul would come.  By night, at his house, his mother would feed us.  I’d seen the pens of his chicken establishment.

The Sun King manager was old with thin, grey hair and gaps in his teeth.  We’d found the habit of sharing iftar together, the evening meal to break the fast.  It was still a few hours but I was counting, relaxing on the sofa under the window at the top of the stairs, in the small space that was barely a reception area.  The manager sat on a stool behind his pint-sized bench in the corner.  

I was sitting, with nothing to do, when I saw two fair-skinned foreigners and one Bangladeshi come up the stairs with too much baggage.  They asked the manager for a room and I stood, moved a few paces closer.  I was curious.

***

Language was a frustration.  I wanted to bargain with the manager directly but the non-stop-talker had the advantage.  I didn’t trust him much so after a few sentences I did what I wanted to do all day.  I told him to be silent.  I asked for a room, the koto, the how much, we’d already learnt.  The manager wrote a figure on a paper scrap: 150 taka for a double.  It was cheap; but we nonetheless went into auto-bargain.  It was South Asia and we believed that’s what one did.

As usual we turned to walk away in faux outrage.  But the old man didn’t shower our retreat with better offers.  We didn’t proceed beyond the first landing on the way to the ground floor.

***

It was strange: the manager told them the price and they walked away!  We always thought bideshis stay five-star, like at the Sonargaon in Dhaka.  I hadn’t had much experience with bideshis but because my father was Chairman they used to come to the house sometimes from the Red Cross.  I remember they’d sit at the table on the veranda and chat in English.  From a young age I was expected to serve their tea and my father would encourage me to speak English.  But I felt shame so mostly I was silent.

I remember how awkwardly they sat, straight-backed and serious, their faces tense.  It was nothing like when the neighbours would visit.  But these two, there was something different about them: they’d come to such a standard hotel, they were unshaven with messy hair.  I wanted them to stay there.  Fortunately they came back and I looked one of them in the eyes and in poor English said the room rate was okay.

***

That guy who’d been hanging out in reception said the room rate was okay.  I took a brief moment to study his face: he had very green eyes. 

But I was looking for honesty and we couldn’t rely on the non-stop-talker.  It’s really very odd but examining his face it wasn’t only that I thought he was probably honest: in some way I recognised it.  I told myself not to be stupid.  But we took the room.

***

I don’t know why he believed me and didn’t bargain further, but as they filled in the book at the counter I couldn’t help it, I read over their shoulders to know where they were from.  In the ‘Citizenship’ column he wrote ‘Australian.’

***

He read over my shoulder as I filled out the Register.  It was a bit rude.

***

When we talked to foreigners we felt as citizens of a poor country and because of the language problem in communicating, shame; but when he was bargaining with the manager I did not feel like that. When I saw him at first I felt as though I already knew him. I don’t know why.  He finished the work around taking the room and wanted to go there.  I don’t know much English but I asked him to share iftar with us.  He understood my offer easily, without even trying.

It was astonishing.  After about an hour he came from his room wearing lungi!  My eyes fell open at the sight: inside I was thinking, ‘maybe this foreigner doesn’t hate Bengalis.’  He sat on the sofa as the adhan sounded for iftar to begin.  The manager had chopped onions and chilli, mixing oil with muri.  I’d brought a few sweet jilabis and some piazu.

It was all laid out on a sheet of the day’s news. Nazmul was late and the bideshi’s friend was still sleeping.  He didn’t know how to eat with his hands and bits of the muri mix were sticking to the sides of his fingers and falling on the floor; although he didn’t understand Bangla he helped me to communicate.  He spoke slowly and understood my meaning when I knew the English words were wrong.  It made me so happy!  I wished to speak to him more after iftar but I didn’t know what he felt.

***

It was the only day in Bangladesh when I had a strong desire never to speak to another Bengali: a product of the non-stop-talker and the long journey.  Sleep was made complicated by the mosquitoes that came in through the big hole in the wall.  I decided to fight them no longer and got up, still with zero desire to connect with locals.  I didn’t want to start with the ‘country?’ and work our way up to the amount of my father’s salary.  Yet the idea of travelling was to meet people and learn something; and if I’d always maintained such a negative attitude we would have missed out on so much.  So when I saw him sitting on the sofa under the window and there being nothing else to do, my objections softened.  I decided not to judge him solely on the rudeness of having looked over my shoulder as I’d signed in. 

It wasn’t my first iftar. I saw him watching how I ate with my hands and was embarrassed for my lack of skill.  Afterwards we heard shouting from the street below.  Through the window we watched a really angry mob pass.  They were punching the air with fists clenched, chanting slogans, holding banners I couldn’t read.  It must’ve been related to the upcoming election.  Many Bangladeshis had spoken about politics. 

***

BNP was attempting to hold an election but Awami League was set to boycott. We watched an opposition protest march down the street.  I did my best to explain things from my perspective. He shared his experiences of Bangladesh, good and bad.  I felt so much shame when he said some Bangladeshis asked him for a visa, or tried to cheat him, that I could not look him in the eye. But it was great to hear that despite his young age he had visited many countries and it was rare how hospitable Bangladeshis were. On average he had quite a good idea about Bangladesh. What was stranger was that some ideas coincided between us.

Near Mongla, 1996


***

He told me about his family, his village in Hatiya and his business.  I’d seen Hatiya from the ship.  It was an island lit by dim kerosene light in the darkness.

We spoke of Australia but his questions came like a river, naturally and without being boring.  When he spoke about local politics without invitation water rose in my eyes and I only hoped he wouldn’t notice.  It wasn’t that he said anything new but as we were nearing the end of our stay in Bangladesh I suppose I had already started processing and there was this insurmountable disjunct between what seemed to be the suffering of poverty, and on top of it the political tensions, with the hospitality, even happiness that seemed in Bangladesh to be as common as earth.  In Sydney it is rarer.

The strangest part was that although his English wasn’t great, to comprehend his meaning was without strain.  In some things we thought similarly.  It made an impression: how could two people with entirely different backgrounds see the world so much the same?  I knew him.

He invited me to dinner but said we’d have to wait for his business partner Nazmul to arrive because they’d planned to hold a business meeting first. 

Nazmul was a young guy dressed in impeccable neatness from hair part to polished shoes.  Surprisingly he said I could sit in on the business meeting; I think he didn’t wish to leave me waiting alone.  So the three of us went to his room and found space between the bed and the chair that belonged to the little desk.  The room had no window; but it also had no hole in the wall. 

I thought it would be boring; but as they started conversing in Bengali I discovered a smile:  how absurd it was to be at a meeting between a Bangladeshi prawn seller and a chicken farmer.  The unfathomable Bengali language wanted to make me laugh!  I felt so privileged and fortunate and I had not overcome those feelings when he said quite suddenly their meeting was done.  ‘Are you sure you’re done?’ I laughed.  The meeting had lasted less than five minutes.

Dinner was biryani something at the hotel across the street.  I tried to pay the bill but there was no way he’d let me.  ‘I’ll get my own back,’ I thought happily.

***

I wanted to talk to him all night but I thought he would think badly if I talked too much, that I would disturb them. So we decided instead to visit the Sundarbans together and I would meet them at Mongla port the following afternoon. Afterwards I imagined I should have gone with them in the morning but mistakenly I thought they would mind it, as if I was a loafer.  I told them I had other business meetings, thinking I should go to Foila for money. 

***

I’d wanted so much he should come with us to the Sundarbans but it could hardly be expected he’d be able to just drop his business.  I asked a few too many times but lastly decided to press further would be rude.  But he agreed to meet us in the afternoon. I hope he hadn’t felt obliged.

A clod of earth was Khulna Town, earth connecting, the earth that brings a new place to stand.




find the elements
                          air
                     fire
             water
      earth
ether


This article is also published in Star Magazine, here: A Place to Stand

Impassioned Rage in Civilised Dress




Art is a window to a culture’s soul, so is it any wonder I should have sought out a flagship piece upon moving to Dhaka several years ago? 

It’s daring. It’s brash. It’s bold.  The poster, ‘Goriber Chele, Boro Loker Meye’ or ‘The Poor Family’s Son, the Rich Family’s Daughter,’ in English, is simultaneously an art piece that is undeniably contemporary in outlook and yet without reticence in its clever allusions to tradition.  Without doubt a virtuoso accomplishment at the cutting edge of the twenty-first century Bengali nihilist collectivist pop art postmodernist movement, within the post-contextual stream, it is an artwork not to be underestimated.  Or at least, without being an art expert per se, that’s what I’m thinking.

To begin with, in its unusual print-on-paper poster format of bright colours and in its audacious collage arrangement of busy, engaging imagery, ‘Goriber Chele’ is a work that isn’t in need of a polite introduction in order to draw in the attention of the viewer.  Rather, it screams to be looked at.  That is surely why when carrying it home from the framers by rickshaw people on the street were laughing to see it and calling out their approval. 

And ‘Goriber Chele,’ the poster, upon having captured our attention, surely has little potential to disappoint.  Not least, the plastering of multiple editions of the work at one time across the city was surely an appeal for artwork for the masses, and as an artistic achievement, even Warhol must have admired it.  But what is it exactly that makes ‘Goriber Chele’ so memorable? 

For a start it’s in the detail, such as the sunshine in the hair of the woman portrayed in the top right of the piece.  With her sunlit hair strands almost reminiscent of freshly cut rice hay, there is clear allusion to the countryside and to nature.  The contrast with her unmistakably urban attire, with her make up and hair style clearly creatures of the city, is masterful, bringing one to wonder at the conflict between modern urban living and the natural environment.  It is after all within the natural world that our urban lifestyles must continue to exist.  And one is led to consider, is it modernity that made her slightly but pleasingly crooked smile or rather the warmth of the sunlight on her hair?  Like the Mona Lisa before her, we ask, what is it she is smiling about?

Meanwhile her male consort, who the artist Someone-or-Other has chosen as the focal point of the piece, looks intently into the distance, as if to survey the future not only for himself but for her too, and possibly the whole of society.  While his gold chain might signify that the present is not too bad, his expression and the fact that he hasn’t had time to brush his hair speaks of risk and danger in the coming days and years.  Surely Someone-or-Other has made a deliberate decision to not have him look directly into the eye of the viewer, giving us to understand that it is not the current society around him that is of primary concern.  Indeed, we are mere distraction.

Another subtlety to admire is the angle of the gun he carries.  It’s pointing skyward in what may well be a further concession to nature.  We cannot deny that it’s an angle which must be perfect for shooting wild ducks.  It’s all about survival.  Is that the message?

Also in the primary images of the man and woman are small yet significant symbols of Bengali culture, in the hand printed pattern of his bandana and in her delicately painted folk jewellery.  There can be no question that the artwork here conveys a sense of continuity, that whatever tensions he views in the future, whatever it actually is that is making her smile, the future will regardless occur within a Bengali cultural paradigm.  Bangladesh forever is what it says.  Bangladesh will survive.

Below the primary images, the male and female in the piece are reproduced, this time with the fellow holding a lathi or stick, and the woman in a more distressed state perhaps because her thumb is caught in her hair.  The joining of hands here gives purpose and strength to the pair and can it be that the two are battling the crowds and traffic in order to complete their Eid shopping in time?  It’s an image that’s relatable.  It’s an image that’s very much ‘now’.  And from the blood on his forehead we are given hectic, stressful and even barbaric: the full array of adjectives for the Eid shopping experience.  And another question looms unanswered: did they find the right sari for Aunty?

An artist of lesser talent may have stopped there, but Someone-or-Other was not content.  In the bottom left we meet two other portraits, of a business-suited bespectacled man aiming a pistol and another gentleman in a yellow jacket with a Munch-esque, horrified, shrieking expression, quite possibly conveying the important social message that things don’t always go well at the hairdressers’.

The pistol-toting gentleman meanwhile wears two rings, like taps in red and blue, hot and cold, which may point to the perennial changing of seasons or perhaps to the coexistence of extremes that we face while living in this mega city.  His is a gaze of greater intensity than that of the principal figure; and that expression of rage when combined with his suit and tie once again returns to us the idea of extremes, with impassioned rage in civilised dress, which is, not accidentally, a possible description of Dhaka itself.  And what is he aiming at?  Well he’s almost aiming at us, isn’t he?  His Dhaka includes and consumes and menaces us too.  That’s what it says.

As if all of that were not enough for us to take in, Someone-or-Other has taken the pains to illustrate the scene of burning cars in the background, which may be a plea for consensus on key issues or it might represent the feelings of enflamed frustration aroused in drivers and passengers while locked in the jam.  Perhaps it is up to us to decide which particular interpretation the artist has intended?

Lastly, worth mentioning, is the inclusion of the artwork’s name in bold, striking font at the bottom left.  Here again we must consider the work’s pop art foundations and there would seem to be overtures to business marketing in it, to branding and enterprise, a subtle statement that in the environment of the current century, even an artwork of this stature must have a capitalist purpose beyond its perplexing, philosophical array of themes and sub-themes.  It is not merely an intellectual feast extraordinaire, but also, almost, some kind of advertisement.

It has been a great privilege to have work of quality such as ‘Goriber Chele’ hanging on the wall at my house for the last several years.  It’s an art piece that invites critique from all comers, and in particular has brought a warm and welcome smile to some of the tradesmen who have reason to arrive, time to time.  And as much as it is a work to be enjoyed everyday, so its value as an investment cannot be overlooked.  With an initial purchase price of zero, when the cinema manager first gave it to me, I am convinced a work of such magnitude cannot but appreciate, and must be worth at least three times that amount within the next several years. 

It's a work that invites critique.




Thinking Chinese art is a river is more to your liking?  Or maybe vampire crafts are more your thing? Or sit back by the campfire and light the nights with a violin...




This article is also published in Star Magazine, here: Impassioned Rage in Civilised Dress












Bangladesh Dreaming: Article Index for articles about Bangladesh

Getting to Work


There’s the morning rush: finding a CNG, hoping the jams will be less on account of the late start, remembering to tell the driver not to attempt that foolhardy ‘short cut’ through Lalmatia.  There’s the evening slog: there almost certainly won’t be any available CNG from Gulshan.  It’s commuting in Dhaka: on the plus side, no two days are the same.

While waiting for a CNG, the morning flock of empty rickshaws passes like ducks flying north for the summer.  They sometimes stop to inquire, like the guy who happened to be sporting a blue United Nations cap with the initials of some mission or other across it.  ‘Nice hat,’ I couldn’t help but say.

‘What is it?’ he asked, ‘Police or something?’

‘Yes, more or less police.  And it looks great!’

Finally a CNG arrives.  It’s not an unusual thing, the passenger door fixed shut by a long bit of string wrapped around part of the vehicle’s frame.  It’s unwound.  I get in.  The driver surgically bandages the door shut again.  ‘What kind of system do you call this?’ I asked, ‘Is it digital?’

‘Exactly!’ he laughed, ‘Digital!’

Some months ago a CNG driver took the opportunity to tell me I’ve become Bangladeshi, as we pulled up outside the office.  It was a strange first sentence between us.  ‘Why do you say that?’ I asked.

Well, he’d heard me speaking some version of Bangla on the mobile along the way and was taken by my smoking a Navy cigarette rather than Benson. I laughed and said, ‘Yes, I made a big mistake, didn’t I?’

‘What?’ he asked.

‘Well, tell me, what are Bangladeshis like?’

‘Oh really not good, bad, bad,’ he said without hesitation.

‘So I made a big mistake then?’

‘Yes, you did!’

And a work colleague told me something similar once as we walked along Gulshan Avenue.  ‘You’re so Bangladeshi,’ he said, ‘there’s a footpath and still you’re walking on the road.’

When time allows I’m prone to stopping at the tea shop before office and there was one morning I heard another customer saying to the shopkeeper, ‘give me half a cigarette.’

‘You want to buy half a cigarette?’ said the shopkeeper, laughing, ‘Maybe you should buy a whole one?’

Bhai,’ the customer replied, ‘you know how it is. If I buy a whole one I’ll have to break a note to pay for it and once you break a banknote it’s all spent before you know it. So just give me half.’

The shopkeeper obliged and having smoked half, the customer carefully stubbed out the cigarette and gave the remaining portion back to the shopkeeper to hold onto until he came back later. 

And of course there are easier days too, transport wise.  After office, there used to be Charlie ‘Pajero’ Brown, the short, balding fellow employed as a driver.  As is customary he takes extra passengers when his boss isn’t around.  Charlie used to be a semi-regular transport link, but I haven’t seen him for a while.  Still, commuting by someone else’s private car isn’t irregular in Dhaka.  One of my friends once travelled across the city as a fare-paying passenger in an ambulance!  Life in the Mega-City is nothing if not flexible.

Then there are the human instincts: in Dhaka everything’s reversed.  When the road is empty the immediate thought is, ‘what’s going on?  Has something happened?’  In another city that thought would be because of a traffic jam, not the lack of one.

And there was a day when a CNG pulled up, peak hour, Gulshan to Dhanmondi, and it usually costs the earth.  I asked the price and to my horror the driver said, ‘there’s a meter, isn’t there?’  It was very odd.  My immediate reaction, without a moment’s thought was, ‘and what kind of scam is that?’  In the last few years no other CNG driver has ever so readily offered the meter in the evening rush from Gulshan!  And it’s hardly common at other times.

I had to question him.  ‘Are you new in Dhaka?’

‘I’ve been here for twelve years,’ he said.  I was quite suspicious.  I monitored the driver and the route to make sure of no sudden tricks or unwarranted detours!  But nothing untoward happened.  It goes to show, in Dhaka anything is possible: even using the meter.



And yet, there's more joy to be had in Dhaka's traffic!  There are the mysterious teachings of rickshaws, especially if you've got a driver from the north.  When frustrated there's always dreaming of the Bangladeshi metro, or just throw it all in and move to Lilliput.

This article is also published in Star Magazine, here: Getting to Work




Bangladesh Dreaming: Article Index for articles about Bangladesh

The Box of Mangoes

The Mangoes.  They might have been fazlis.  (Image: wikipedia)

Now, it’s a small matter really and probably not something to fuss about.  It might be altogether better not to mention it.  But on the other hand, if promises are meant to be kept, so it’s true: India owes me one box of mangoes.

Now, in writing that, I suppose I am not suggesting ‘India’ in the sense that Sonia or Manmohan or even one Ms. Banerjee of Kolkata are, or should be, struggling with their consciences over said outstanding mango box.  India is clearly a big country with any number of issues upon the table in a singular instant and it’s reasonable to conclude that a certain minor mango debt is not one of their larger concerns.  No, when I write ‘India’, I suppose I am referring more precisely to the individual promisor in the matter of said box, a one Mr. Nurul Islam, a professional rickshaw driver by trade, from Malda Town in Paschimbanga.  But in any case, it’s not nice to harp on about unpaid debts.

I like Malda Town.  It’s distant enough from Kolkata to make a worthwhile journey break en route to the Himalayas and it’s neither too small nor large a town to be burdensome.  A further advantage is that foreign tourist numbers are sufficiently limited for the experience of a more genuine, unadulterated India to be had.  With the main sites sixteen kilometres to the south in Gaur, some kind of local transport is required for the tourist, and as the morning train pulls up alongside the Malda platform there would usually be a handful of rickshaw drivers waiting to oblige.

Gaur was the capital of the Pala and Sena dynasties from the seventh to twelfth centuries, although the ruins date from a later period, mostly the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries during Muslim Nawab rule.  As the ruins are scattered about the greenery of rural Paschimbanga, a few-hour leisurely rickshaw tour is a wise choice. 

Now, in everybody’s life there are instances when something borrowed or pledged was never repaid or delivered for whatever reason and despite intentions.  A box of mangoes is indeed a small thing so it’s best not to consider it further.

The essence of success in a tour of Gaur from Malda is in the character of the chosen rickshaw driver.  Ideally the driver should not take short cuts or stretch out the bargaining process over small matters through the duration of the day. 

It wasn’t immediate that we found Mr. Nurul Islam.  As the drivers at the station for the most part seemed eager to turn a quick profit, my friend Situ and I chose at first none and went instead to find lodgings.  After a good hour we stopped for tea, ironically back at the train station where the best tea stands were, and from the original flurry of drivers there remained just one.  He sat near us as we drank.  Patiently he waited until the negotiation commenced, and I bargained hard, less because of the price, more to know him better.  He seemed alright.

And so it was that we three sealed a deal over a pending departure cup of tea.

Mr. Nurul Islam wheeled up his vehicle and we started, first following the long road beside the railway then gradually working our way out of town until we reached the open highway.  It’s not easy, a rickshaw on a highway with overloaded Tata trucks bowling along at ungodly speeds, trucks that really need that extra pair of eyes painted onto the side fenders.  For the rickshaw driver, it’s not easy to know when to be forced onto the road shoulder for the sake of continued life.  But closer to the ruins the roads are quiet. 

Along the highway it was common to pass other rickshaws heading towards town and it was usual enough to be considered a trait that some of the other drivers on seeing Mr. Nurul Islam had a foreigner on board were given to calling out, sometimes rather greedily, ‘how much?’  It’d surprise me if in Malda-Mango rickshaw circles there weren’t big fish tales of what foreigners had been induced into forking out.  But our Mr. Nurul Islam replied, ‘I’m taking them for free.’  I liked him already.

Now, it’s not because of the mango debt I stopped speaking of Malda.  What occurred was really something.  I quit the chat of Mango Town due to the risk of the narration sounding too self-congratulatory.  It was never the point.  But now, risk in tow I’ve changed my mind, for the events of that day should be shared in just the way one Mr. Nurul Islam offered that box of mangoes.

Rickshaws give time for thoughts and mine turned to Mr. Nurul Islam, his life and how similar or different it might’ve been from that of his colleagues in Hatiya in Bangladesh, many of whom are friends.  It was impossible not to notice his shirt had a tear that seemed to rival the Brahmaputra in length and that one of his sandals was broken.  He was a family man, he’d said, and he had a pot belly that must’ve sheltered a sizeable colony of worms.  It’s never a good thing, worms, as the condition brings lethargy and drains strength, but it’s particularly inconvenient when you’re on a rickshaw for a living.

I pictured his house, making it Hatiyan-similar with thatch and no sanitation, though probably its roof was tiled.  I wondered at a world with both of us in it.  I was on a tour for not more than pleasure; he was all about physical survival. 

Meanwhile to the east the long zigzag of the black fence had come into view.  On the other side was Bangladesh and I wanted to stop the rickshaw, run to the fence and somehow embrace Situ’s country, but certainly there’s no way to embrace a whole country.  Close enough to the border, like the mango orchards the ruins of Gaur spill onto the other side.

Now, when I think of it the details of the mango promise were never finalised and whether it was talk of the gopalbhog, langda or khirsapati varieties, what he had in mind I couldn’t say.  Perhaps it would’ve been a mixture of varieties?

I could describe the various ruins but half of Gaur is in the ease of the subtropical paddies and mango trees by the pace of a rickshaw.  There’s the stopping for tea and chatter; and the finding a spot in the yards about the ruins to relax and ponder a bit. There is, however, one specific site to mention, the Qadam Rasul Mosque which is said to house the footprint of the Prophet Mohammed, peace be upon him.  Most of the ruins are fairly open but at that mosque there’s a gatekeeper who fusses about with keys to unlock the padlock to let the smattering of tourists enter.  He wanted baksheesh but he seemed a bit self-appointed to me; yet Mr. Nurul Islam, I saw him, from a fold in his lungee quietly pushed a few rupees into the padlock unlocker’s hand.

Now, when I think of it Mr. Nurul Islam simply said he’d present a whole box of mangoes if I came back to Malda during the season.  He probably would’ve picked them from random trees in his village, so I’m thinking there’s a decent chance they would’ve been fazli, or a majority may have been fazlis.  How long would it take to eat a box of fazlis?

By lunch time which is around two p.m. in Bengal we’d finished our tour and asked Mr. Nurul Islam to take us to a decent restaurant.  He’d chosen the best place he knew, a truck stop diner along the highway and, as once had been the custom in Hatiya, when he followed us inside he chose to sit at a distance, at another table.  The rights and the wrongs of it I don’t know but in Hatiya in the young days I’d made a point that the rickshaw drivers sit at the same table as us, for why should they not?  In Hatiya the tiny gesture had been well-received, though at first it really took some coaxing such that I wondered if I wasn’t disturbing them.  In any case, after some cajoling, at the truck stop the three of us ultimately ate together.

Now, the fazli are large, green skinned and sensational.  The favourite picture of Situ and me in the same frame is of us sitting on the ground at his wife’s ancestral home eating, dripping in fazli delight.  It’s not even in focus, that photo.

After lunch I don’t know, I thought I wanted to buy one Mr. Nurul Islam a new shirt.  It’s not the sort of thing I’m great at doing but on a short trip with a Sydney salary it didn’t seem like much, so we asked him to take us to the clothes market and to the best shop he knew.  We set off, back into town, without Mr. Nurul Islam having the slightest inkling of the substance of the plan.  On the way I coaxed Situ into, as he would say, ‘technical’ talk of the worms, on the delicate subject of the intricacies of Mr. Nurul Islam’s intestinal tract; and we stopped by a pharmacy to collect a couple of those chewable tablets, standard and almost free.  We tried to explain how to avoid the problem.

It was an ordinary shop he chose, a floor space surrounded by shelves in the corner of a building.  We removed our shoes upon entering and sat on small stools as the shop attendants fussed about pulling shirt possibilities from plastic packets.  I didn’t know how to unveil the surprise so at first I just asked Mr. Nurul Islam which shirt he thought would look nice.  He was agreeable to all; to be expected.  Then I put one shirt, a plain brown one against him to check its size; and said I wanted to buy it for him.

Now, suppose it’d been a box of a decent size, say fifteen or twenty fujlis inside, I’d estimate it would’ve lasted most of a week unless Situ had been there when I’d collected said box such that its contents would have to be shared. 

Of the shirt Mr. Nurul Islam protested.  ‘No, no, I can’t,’ he said; through Situ I made him understand it was okay, not to worry.  But by this time his eyes had the first signs of dampness about them.  So we agreed on the brown shirt in part because in front of the shop assistants it was all rather embarrassing; and we left.  Our tour was done so we asked Mr. Nurul Islam if he’d take us back to the train station and on the way with Situ’s help, I made him promise not to tell the other rickshaw drivers about the shirt.  It’s important to think of the tourists who’ll come later and who wants a Malda Mango where rickshaw drivers demand shirts and higher prices?  Mr. Nurul Islam promised not to say anything; but his mind was focused on his family.

‘My sister-in-law,’ he sobbed slightly, ‘she’ll say I cheated you for this shirt.  But I didn’t, I didn’t.’

When he pulled up and dismounted from the rickshaw he couldn’t hold it.  A certain Mr. Nurul Islam burst into full-blown tears with his hands about his face.  ‘You are not only a human,’ he told me, ‘it is Debota’s work you do.’ I knew those tears.  Those are the tears of someone bothering: not family, not friend and not for any reason.  By that stage my eyes were watery too and it was interesting that as a Muslim he’d used the Hindu word Debota, perhaps because he knew I wasn’t Muslim, although religions are in the habit of blending a bit in North Bengal

Well he’d blown his first promise, our Mr. Nurul Islam, if not in technicality at least in practicality, for his wailing had drawn the attention of other rickshaw drivers who rushed towards us to see what the foreigner and his friend had done to make him cry.  I thought we should leave in case they misunderstood and started to hit us, so I pushed the payment, a little extra, into Mr. Nurul Islam’s hand and he didn’t even look to see how much was there.  He didn’t look.  I suppose that’s what in this part of the world honest people do.

‘You come again in mango season,’ he said, the last we spoke to him, ‘I’ll give a whole box of mangoes.’

But he still had a broken sandal.

Firoz Minar at Gaur (Image: wikipedia)





Other small matters not worth mentioning might include a little list written on paper, three short words or a dog with a line of credit...


This article also published in Star Magazine, here: The Box of Mangoes



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Rodent Tourism

She had a dainty nose, small and pointed; her eyes were chocolate brown and shaped as watermelon seeds.  Through the brown silk of her hair could be seen the pink flesh of her small, rounded ears.  Her body was a little plump, overweight; but she was loved.  As she flitted about, like a bridal party attending to its bride it followed her: that long earthworm of a tail.

I’ve never had any particular affection for rats, but this one was the pet of some friends of a friend, many years past in that town of islands, Kristiansund in Norway.  She had free run of the house, the rat, and they seemed not to mind as she scurried up their arm or circumnavigated their necks.  Rats only live for a year or two, they said; so a life-long friendship for a rat is but several seasons.

People are never alone in this world: naturally enough there are other rat admirers amongst us, people enamoured of rodents.  This article is for them, for should one find oneself desirous of rodent-company whilst on holiday, there are options.

Entrance gate to the Kani Mata Temple, Deshnoke, Rajasthan

Deshnoke is a small town of around 15,000 people about thirty kilometres from Bikaner in Rajasthan.  It’s not a town that’d attract much attention, being not dissimilar to any of the other small towns in the brush country of the Thar Desert, if were not for the Karni Mata Temple.

Born in 1387, Karni Mata was a mystic believed to be a reincarnation of Durga; it is said she performed many miracles.  When her stepson Laxman drowned while attempting to take a drink from a tank, Karni Mata urged the god of death Yama to bring him back to life. 

Yama initially refused, but later allowed all of Karni Mata’s male children to be reincarnated as rats.  Alternatively, the 20,000 mostly brown rats that are fed, protected and worshipped at the temple are said to hold the souls of traditional bards called Charans.  Karni Mata is said to have been 151 years old when she died.






Removing one's shoes at the grand silver gates that mark the entrance, it's quite a novel experience to wander a courtyard populated by rats.  At the altar it's possible to seek Karni Mata's blessing, consuming Prasad, the edible offerings shared by the rodents.

The temple is said to reinforce a simple truth: all life is sacred, even rats. 

It is auspicious to see a white rat.  It is auspicious if a rat runs across your foot.  And as I was once told, when bubonic plague caused many human deaths in the towns of Rajasthan, in Deshnoke not a single person died, thanks to the blessings of Karni Mata and her temple of rats.

View from the Rat Garden Hotel, St. Lucia
Across the world in the Caribbean, and it may not be there now for there were plans for it to close, there is or was a budget hotel set amongst a lovely rat garden.  It’s a beautiful establishment in the lush subtropical hills above Castries, the quaint capital of St. Lucia.  The rooms are clean and spacious, food delightful, particularly as the reception area and dining table doubled as the living room of Cherie and her family, the local hoteliers.

A laid back French St. Lucian, there was no question Cherie had a soft spot for animals.  The multiple dogs and cats wandering about were additional family members, so the rats should have come as no surprise.  It was while sitting on the balcony enjoying breakfast, with the paradise of the St. Lucian Caribbean spread out like a blanket beneath, with views all the way to the horizon, Martinique, that they could be seen scurrying about in the garden immediately below: large, well-fed and clean.  ‘People said I should poison them,’ Cherie said, ‘but I didn’t have the heart to.’  If St. Lucia is paradisiacal for human beings, Cherie’s garden is the equivalent for the rats.

And if the St. Lucian pedigree of rat, significantly larger than the Deshnoke and Norwegian varieties, proves insufficient, then far to the south of St. Lucia can be found the capybaras, the world’s largest rodents.

View from the Rat Garden Hotel to Martinique

The Argentine wetland of Estero del Ibera abounds with wildlife, monkeys, deer, caimans, which are an alligator relative; and for me the star attraction: the capybara.  As large as a small goat and tail-less, even for the rat-non-lover this marsh-dwelling rodent is something special.

Capybara wades
As usual I’d imagined hours of weary search and maybe slight danger in the quest to locate the species; in the hope of the sort of fleeting glance that would more than satisfy the visitor to the Sundarbans in search of tigers.  Safaris should be like that, but it wasn’t.

It’s possible to hire a boat from the small town of Colonia Pellegrini to navigate the short distance across the lake to the Ranger Station, headquarters of the National Park.  The boat comes with a guide, who with some luck could be named Gaston, for Gaston makes his living that way.

After not more than several minutes, stepping off at the wharf by the Ranger Station, the expedition was done.  There on the grassy lawn was a capybara.  The creature didn’t bother to look up as we walked close enough to punch its broad flat nose; it was terribly busy doing nothing, what capybaras do best; an almost-statue but for the odd grind of the teeth.  It ruminated on grass as an elderly mother-in-law in a Bangladeshi village might chew paan or betel leaf.

Capybara chews
That capybara was seriously so unfazed by human presence I thought it might be a fraud: that some ranger had tamed one to impress the tourists, that it’s probably called Antonio and sleeps at the end of the ranger’s bed.  I wanted a real, wild, useless capybara.

Soon back on the water, after checking-in at the Ranger Station, with the silence of an oar Gaston sidled the dinghy to within inches of a caiman, the crocodilian as long as the boat.  It floated as though dead: but its eye moved.

‘Australian crocodiles can run as fast as horses on land over short distances,’ I told Gaston.  Actually I’ve no idea if its true but I think I might have heard that on TV once.  He was suitably impressed.

Continuing through the reeds two things became apparent.  At Estero del Ibera there were seemingly-lifeless caimans all over the place, their hardy scaled bodies and jagged long jaws floating about here and there, the reptiles completely fearless of the boat.  And there were genuine wild capybaras, different sizes but inevitably fat, and completely fearless of the boat.  It was incredible.  Giant rat swims, giant rat chews something, giant rat does nothing much in particular: all could be seen at incredibly close range.

Capybara wallows
Completely satisfied with my capybara encounters, I was in a better position to enjoy the overactive river otters and the bird life, the most impressive bird being the ungainly southern screamer, something of a cross between vulture and turkey that nested in reed clumps and though I didn’t hear it, must be in the habit of screaming now and then, presumably in a southerly direction. 

A swamp deer watched with this, ‘yeah, whatever’ look, as we paddled close.  What was it with these Argentine animals?  None had the least fear; had they not met humans before?

Capybara does nothing much at all
The great thing about Gaston was his genuine interest.  He must have done that tour every day and probably still does, but he really seemed to love those wetlands, his backyard.  I imagined his life with slight envy, how tranquil it would be if the most stressful event in your workday was a caiman closing an eyelid, or maybe that gets to you after a while?

For rodent enthusiasts and those who are not, the Estero del Ibera experience can only impress.  There must be few safaris in the world where contact with wild animals is so easy, where you could just about reach out and touch them; and its surprising really, because while it’s illegal to eat capybaras in Argentina, so I was told, they are hunted for their leather: capybaras sometimes become the belts worn by the gauchos, the Argentine cowboys.

Capybara, king of the rodents



Of course there's more to the Caribbean than rats.  And for more adventure, tracking rodents can't compare with tracking fearsome, wild beasts in Eastern Europe or wondering if the wolves will come...





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